I retyped this table from a printout given to me by Ben Hyde. It was hosted on his web site, but since it doesn't seem to be available, here it is:
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Puritan Ethic |
Quaker Ethic |
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A. Religious Patterns |
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1. Old Testament |
1. New Testament |
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a. Ten Commandments |
a. Sermon on the Mount |
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b. Law (head and reason) |
b. Gospel (love and feeling) |
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c. Sacred authority: Bible |
c. Sacred authority: Inner Light |
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d. Danger: legalism and rationalism |
d. Danger: antinomian mysticism |
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2. God Transcendent |
2. God Immanent |
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a. Historical Jesus |
a. Eternal Christ |
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b. Servants of God (works) |
b. Friends of God (grace) |
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c. Glorify God in the world |
c. Union with God (mysticism) |
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d. Duty and honor (anxiety-compulsion) |
d. Conscience and honesty (peace of mind) |
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3. Predestination and Election |
3. God in Every Person |
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a. Educated clergy |
a. Charismatic laymen |
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b. Learning and erudition |
b. Literacy and education |
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c. Literature: sermon, history and theology |
c. Literature: personal journal |
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d. Danger: arrogance of elect |
d. Danger: plutocracy (“Weighty Friends”) |
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4. Particular Calling |
4. General Calling |
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a. Professional pride |
a. Anti-professional |
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b. Worldly asceticism (lay monk transforms the world) |
b. Worldly asceticism (lay monk withdraws from the world) |
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c. Institutional philanthropy |
c. Spontaneous charity |
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5. Sources of Evil: Sinful Man |
5. Source of Evil: The World |
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a. Optimistic about institutions, pessimistic about man |
a. Optimistic about man, pessimistic about institutions |
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b. War: crusade against evil enemy |
b. War: perfectionist pacifism |
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B. Cultural Consequences |
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6. Hierarchical Communalism |
6. Egalitarian Individualism |
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a. Church ideal (dominate community) |
a. Sect ideal (withdraw to peers) |
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b. Institution building (compromise) |
b. Anti-institutional (spontaneous perfectionism) |
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c. Intolerant-responsibly |
c. Tolerant-irresponsible |
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d. Public servant ideal (ideal lawyer: judge) |
d. Private citizen ideal (ideal lawyer: advocate) |
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e. Ideal man: minister-magistrate |
e. Ideal person: martyr-mystic |
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7. Aristocratic-Patrician |
7. Democratic-Plutocratic |
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a. Urban origin and values |
a. Rural origin (suburban values) |
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b. Representative republic |
b. Direct democracy |
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c. Speaking aristocracy and silent democracy |
c. Speaking democracy and silent plutocracy |
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d. Level up (opportunitarian) |
d. Level down (egalitarian) |
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e. Patriarchal |
e. Sex equality (matriarchal) |
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f. Vices: arrogance, pride, chauvinism, provincialism) |
f. Vices: smugness, snobbery, self-satisfaction |
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Ethnocentrism |
Xenophilia |